Migraine is a neurological, Headache disorder which has grasped a large Portion of working Individuals in India.
Introduction : Migraine headaches are usually characterized by episodic, throbbing hemicranial headache, beginning in childhood, adolescence or early adults’ life with a tendency to decrease in intensity and frequency as age advances
In fact, only 47% of African Americans Trusted Source have an official migraine diagnosis, compared with of white people in the country
9.2% of Asian people. Furthermore, females in all groups were approximately twice as likely to experience migraine episodes than males.
There are two major types of Migraines:
Migraine with aura (classical Migraine) is most often visual, consisting of fortification spectra, which are shimmering, silvery zig zag lines that march across the Vision Field for up to 30 minutes Sometimes leaving a trail of temporary visual field loss (scotoma). In some there is a sensory aura of tingling followed by numbness, spreading over 20 - 30 minutes, from one part of the body to another.
Migraine without aura (common migraine) the most common type of Migraine, severe and Pulsating, with photophobia, phonophobia and vomiting, Nausea lasting from 4 to 72 hours. Aggravated from Movement, and patients prefer to lie in a quiet in a dark room.
OTHER TYPES
CHRONIC MIGRAINE: This involves having an episode on more than 15 days per month.
MENSTRUAL MIGRAINE: This occurs in a pattern that follows the menstrual cycle.
HEMIPLEGIC MIGRAINE: This causes temporary weakness on one side of the body, and it is very rare.
ABDOMINAL MIGRAINE: This involves migraine episodes with irregular function in the gut and abdomen, often with nausea or vomiting. It mainly affects children under 14 years of age.
VESTIBULAR MIGRAINE: Severe vertigo is a symptom of this type.
BASILAR MIGRAINE: This rare type is also called “migraine with brainstem aura,” and it can affect neurological functions, such as speech.
Migraines are broadly divided into those with and those without auras
Migraines without aura usually consist of a headache that lasts 4 to 72 hours that is typically unilateral, moderate to severe and has a pulsating quality. The headache is often associated with photophobia, phonophobia and nausea and is worsened by physical activity
Migraines with aura are usually preceded by focal neurological deficits, although in some individuals the aura can occur concurrently with the headache 7. The neurological deficits can be very varied and last 5 to 60 minutes and eventually fully resolve. They are followed by headache within an hour of onset 7.
In addition to These other symptoms are as: changes in mood, blurred vision, photophobia, phonophobia, fatigue, poor concentration and neck stiffness
The International Headache Society recommends the “5, 4, 3, 2, 1” criteria to diagnose migraine without aura. These numbers stand for:
having 5 or more episodes, each lasting 4 hours to 3 days
having a headache with at least 2 of the following qualities:
The classical explanation describes a headache (due to vasodilation) preceded by neurological symptoms, most classically visual (due to vasoconstriction).
This classic pattern is relatively uncommon accounting for ~10% of the migrainous patients and is unlikely to be an accurate reflection of the pathophysiology involved.
CT is usually unhelpful, except in cases of extensive cortical infarction.
MRI : In the vast majority of cases, MRI is normal. In hemiplegic migraines, venous dilatation can be seen on SWI MIP images contralateral to the hemiparesis, although this is not typical.
MRI may demonstrate T2 hyperintensities in the white matter of the centrum semiovale, not dissimilar to small vessel deep white matter ischaemic change.
Migraine is a One of the most common disease in the Modern World , Mainly affecting the working Individuals.
1. Belladonna : Intense throbbing, pulsating type of pain. With this, there is an extreme fullness in the head along with the sensation as if the head would burst. Light seemingly worsens the headache. Noise unbearable. Exposure to cold air may trigger a migraine episode.
2. Glonoinum : The head feels very large, as if it would burst. Patients who suffer are seen holding their heads tightly. The eyeballs seem to protrude. Extreme heaviness in the head along with unbearable heat occurs. Uncovering the head relieves the headache.
3. Iris Versicolor : It is best suited when acid reflux leads to headaches. In cases needing it, vomiting of acidic, sour, bitter nature is observed. Bitter, acrid belching with heartburn (intense burning behind the sternum) and burning in the throat is well marked.
4. Epiphegus : It is used where the slightest deviation from routine work brings on a migraine attack. It works for both-sided migraine, comparatively better results are seen when the headache occurs on the left-side. A peculiar accompanying symptom is increased saliva with constant inclination to spit.
5. Spigelia: Spigelia is undoubtedly the most effective medicine for migraine on the left-side. In most cases, the pain begins in the back of the head (occipital region), extends upwards and settles over the left eye. The pain is intense, throbbing and pulsating. A sensation of a tight band around the head is felt. Stooping seems to worsen the headache. Severe pain in the eyeballs may be an accompanying factor. Eye movement worsens this pain.
6. Sanguinaria Canadensis – For Migraine Of Right Side
The characteristic symptom to administer this medicine is pain which starts in the back of the head (occipital region), and then it goes up and sits right over the right eye. Lying down quietly in a dark room or sleep brings relief. Fasting (going without meals) often triggers a migraine headache in some, for which again this medicine is helpful. Sanguinaria Canadensis is also a significant medicine for migraine in women during menopause.
7. Nux Vomica – For Migraine With Gastric Issues
Nux Vomica is the most well suited medicine for migraine with gastric troubles. Migraine associated with indigestion, gas, constipation shows great recovery with the use of Nux Vomica. It is often seen that migraine headache gets triggered by some particular food items. Nux Vomica is suitable when migraine triggers from intake of alcohol, coffee, and spicy food.
8. Natrum Muriaticum – For Migraine Before / During Menses (Menstrual Migraine)
This medicine works extremely well when migraine attack gets triggered before or during menstrual cycle. This medicines typically works if migraine headache feels like little hammers knocking on the brain. Another kind of headache that can be dealt wonderfully with this medicine is when the headache starts with sunrise, continues through the day and vanishes after sunset. This is popularly known as the “sunrise to sunset headache”.
9. Gelsemium : Gelsemium is well indicated for cases in which temporary vision loss (blindness) precedes onset of migraine headache. Those who need it usually feel the pain in the back of the head (occipital region). A sensation of band around the head is also felt. There is heaviness on the eyelids. Excessive sensibility to noise before headache is yet another reason for its use. This medicine can also be given for headache on the one-side accompanied with dim vision or double vision.
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