Urticaria also known as HIVES, is a kind of skin rash with red raised itchy, bumps . urticaria may burn or sting. The patches of rash may appear on different body parts with variable duration from minutes todays and does not leave any long lasting skin change .
Urticaria is a common skin rash trigged by many things including certain foods, medication and stress.
Urticaria is a a form of skin rash with red raised itchy bumps . The may also burn or sting . welts from urticaria can appear anywhere on the surface of the skin . whether the trigger is allergic or not a complex release of inflammatory mediators including histamine from cutaneous mast cells.result in fluid leakage from superficial blood vessels . welts may be pinpoint in size or several inches in diameter. Often the patches of rash move around . Angio edema is a related condition through fluid leakage is from much deeper blood vessels in the subcutaneous submucosal layers . Individual urticeria that are painful last more than 24 hours or leave a bruise as they heal are more likely to be a more serious condition called urticarial vasculitis.
Urticeria can also be classified by the purported causative agent . many different substances in the environment may cause urticeria including medication , food , and physical agent . It is due to an autoimmune reaction risk factors include having condition such as hay fever or asthma.
Food:- The most common food allergies in adults are shellfish and nuts. The most common food allergies in children due to shellfish , nuts, egg wheat and soy one study showed balsam of perll which is in many processed foods to be the most common cause of immediate contact urticaria .
Infection or environmental :- Urticaria including chronic spontaneous urticaria hives can be a complication and symptoms of a parasitic infection . such as blastocystosis and strongloidiasis among others. This rash is caused by contact with urushiol and results in a form of contact dermatitis called urushial . induced contact dermatitis urushial is spread by contact but can be washed off with a strong grease -or - oil- dissolving detergent and cool water and rubbing ointment.
Diagnosis is typically based on the appearance . the cause of chronic urticaria can rarely be determine the allergy . In some cases regular extensive allergy testing over a long period of time is requested in hopes of getting new insight .
ACUTE:- Acute urticaria is defined as the presence of evanescent wheals which completly resolve within six weeks . acute urticaria becomes evident a few minutes after the person has been exposed to an allergen.
CHRONIC:- Chronic urticaria is defined as the presence of evanescent wheals persist for greater than six weeks . some of the more severe chronic cases have lasted more than 20 years.
The skin lesions of urticarial diseases are caused by an in flammatory reaction in the skin causing leakage of capillaries in the dermis and resulting in an edema which persists until the interstitial fluid is absorbed into the surrounding cells.
The mainstay of therapy for both acute and chronic urticaria is education , avoiding triggers and using antihistamines . Chronic urticaria can be difficult to treat and lead to significant disability . Unlike the acute form 50-80 % of people with chronic urticaria have no identifiable triggers . But 50% of people with chronic urticaria will experiance remission within 1 year . Overall treatment is greared towards symptomatic management .
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