MYCETOMA

An infection of subcutaneous tissue by fungus. The causative fungus is broadly classified into two groups i.e actinomycotic and cumycotic. Actinomycotic fungus is now considered to be bacteria where as cumycotic fungus are the true fungi.

Site : The lesions are usually present on the foot and usually follows a trauma.

CLINICAL FEATURES

The classical lesions are painless subcutaneous nodules which rupture through the overlying skin producing multiple sinuses discharging granules. The granules may be yellow, black, white or red depending on the causative fungus. In untreated case lesion may extend and destroy the underlying and adjacent bones. Occasionally other parts of the body may be involved.

DIAGNOSIS : Diagnosis is confirmed by microscopic examination of the granules, histopathological examination of the involved skin and culture of the organism.

RISK & PREVENTION

Mycetoma is a health problem in equatorial regions of Africa, Latin America, and Asia known as the “mycetoma belt.” Fungal mycetoma (eumycetoma) is the most common type in Africa, while bacterial mycetoma (actinomycetoma) causes most cases in South and Central America and some Asian countries.

Mycetoma affects people of all ages and is more common in men. Many people with mycetoma work in agricultural jobs, such as farmers and livestock herders.

Health care providers and researchers believe that wearing shoes might prevent injuries that can lead to mycetoma. Shoes protect the feet while someone is walking or working outside in areas where the germs that cause mycetoma are common in water and soil. Early detection and treatment, before symptoms cause serious effects, can reduce disabilities from mycetoma and may cure the condition.

TREATMENT : Drugs used for its treatment includes

Bac., Heckla lava, Iod., Kali-i., Nit-ac., Lach., Phos. and Sil.